Human Bites in Child Care Settings
Bites occur frequently in child care settings, especially before the age of 4. Young children bite for different reasons such as:
- Teething
- Lacking communication skills (not knowing the words to tell others what they want)
- Dealing with difficult emotions, especially frustration and anger
- Difficulty sharing toys or taking turns
- Others not respecting their personal space
- Reacting to conflict or discipline (not getting their own way)
- Defending themselves from another aggressive behavior
Most bites do not break the skin and are unlikely to cause infection. When bites do break the skin, both children involved in the incident need proper assessment and management. Please note that the risk of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C or HIV transmission in child care centres is extremely low.
How to clean the wound
The wound should be allowed to bleed gently without squeezing. If bleeding persists, apply pressure. Once no longer bleeding, the site should be cleaned with soap and water.
Monitoring
In the following days, monitor for signs of infection such as spreading redness, warmth, swelling, pus, discolored discharge or foul odor.
When to see a health care provider
If the child requires stitches, develops signs of infection at the wound, routine immunization is not up-to-date or for advice on post-exposure immunization or any other concerns, contact a health care provider.
When to report to the Eastern Ontario Health Unit (EOHU)
If the victim or the aggressor has a history of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C or HIV infection or exposure, report the incident to the EOHU.
If you have any questions or concerns regarding human-to-human biting incidents or if you need to report an incident, please contact the EOHU at 1-800-267-7120.
Note: If an animal-to-human bite or scratch occurs, it must be reported to the EOHU.
